Manufacturer: GSK
Pharmaceutical name: Salbutamol
Pack: 1 pack (100 tabs (4mg))
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Ventolin is prescribed to alleviate bronchospasm in adults and in children aged 6 and older who have reversible obstructive airway disease.
It is utilized in the management of uncomplicated premature labor during the third trimester of pregnancy after uterine contractions have been controlled with parenteral Salbutamol.
Ventolin is not recommended for patients with a history of hypersensitivity to sympathomimetics or any ingredient in the formulation.
While intravenous Salbutamol and sometimes salbutamol tablets are employed to manage premature labor not complicated by issues like placenta praevia, ante-partum hemorrhage, or pregnancy toxaemia, Salbutamol should not be utilized in cases of threatened abortion.
Salbutamol should be avoided as a tocolytic agent in individuals with pre-existing ischemic heart disease or those with significant ischemic heart disease risk factors.
Salbutamol and non-selective beta-blockers, such as propranolol, usually should not be prescribed together. Although Salbutamol isn’t contraindicated for individuals undergoing treatment with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), its effects may be influenced by guanethidine, reserpine, methyldopa, and tricyclic antidepressants.
Caution is advised when using it in conjunction with anesthetic agents like chloroform, cyclopropane, halothane, and other halogenated anesthetics.
Using Ventolin during pregnancy should be done only if the potential benefits to the mother significantly outweigh any risks to the fetus.
Salbutamol has been safely used by many patients for several years, which supports its established role in treating premature labor. However, like most drugs, there is limited published evidence regarding its safety during the early stages of human pregnancy. Animal studies have shown some harmful effects on the fetus at very high doses.
Throughout global marketing experience, rare occurrences of various congenital anomalies, such as cleft palate and limb defects, have been reported in the children of mothers treated with Salbutamol, some of whom were on multiple medications during their pregnancies. Due to the lack of a consistent pattern of defects and with a baseline incidence of congenital anomalies being 2-3%, no direct link with Salbutamol use can be established.
Given that Salbutamol is likely excreted in breast milk, its use in nursing mothers is not recommended unless the anticipated benefits outweigh any potential risks. It remains unclear if Salbutamol in breast milk could adversely affect the neonate.
Salbutamol generally has a duration of action ranging from 4 to 6 hours in most patients. An increase in beta-2 agonist use may indicate worsening asthma. In such cases, a reassessment of the patient's treatment plan may be necessary, and concurrent glucocorticosteroid therapy should be contemplated. Given the potential adverse effects linked with excessive dosing, any increase in dosage or frequency of administration should occur under medical supervision.
The typical total daily dosage is 12 to 32mg divided into three or four doses. For managing premature labor, after uterine contractions have been controlled with an intravenous infusion of Ventolin and the infusion is ceased, maintenance therapy can continue with oral Ventolin. The standard dose is 4mg three or four times per day.
Children: For ages 2 - 6 years, the typical total daily dosage is 3 to 8mg divided into three or four doses. For ages 6 - 12 years, the usual total daily dosage is 6 to 8mg in divided doses. For those over 12 years, the usual total daily dose is 6 to 16mg in divided doses.
In elderly patients or those known to be particularly sensitive to beta-adrenergic stimulant medications, it is advisable to start treatment with 2 milligrams of Salbutamol three or four times daily.
The anticipated symptoms from an overdose include excessive beta-adrenergic stimulation and/or the emergence or worsening of any symptoms listed under ADVERSE REACTIONS, such as seizures, angina, hypertension or hypotension, tachycardia reaching up to 200 beats per minute, arrhythmias, nervousness, headaches, tremors, dry mouth, palpitations, nausea, dizziness, fatigue, malaise, and insomnia. Hypokalemia may also arise. As with all sympathomimetic medications, misuse of Ventolin could lead to cardiac arrest and even death. Treatment should involve discontinuing Ventolin along with appropriate symptomatic care. The careful use of a cardioselective beta-receptor blocker may be contemplated, keeping in mind that such medications can induce bronchospasm. There is insufficient evidence available to ascertain if dialysis is helpful for Ventolin overdose.